In recent years, there has been a notable shift in the perception of electric vehicles (EVs). The year 2017 marked a significant milestone for the EV industry, with over one million units sold globally. Since then, this number has continued to rise steadily. As a result, the increasing demand for EVs is driving the automotive industry into global competition, with established automakers of multiple generations setting ambitious production targets for EVs.

One of the primary challenges facing EV producers is the limitations in range and charging time. To address these challenges, various battery producers worldwide are conducting research and development to explore new solutions, materials, and technologies that can enhance the performance of current batteries. Additionally, numerous new start-up projects have emerged, actively participating in this race by experimenting with novel battery chemistries. Overall, the EV industry is experiencing rapid growth and innovation as it strives to overcome existing challenges and meet the increasing demand for electric vehicles.

 

The Value Chain for Electric-Car Batteries Comprises Seven Steps

 

Cutting-edge battery technologies are poised to revolutionize our daily lives sooner than anticipated by many in the market. The demand for improved, safer, and more eco-friendly batteries has spurred significant investments in advanced battery technology. Identifying and exploring new uses will open doors for emerging battery technologies to rival existing Li-ion batteries.

The basic principle behind batteries involves lithium ions from the electrolyte being situated on the anode, with the corresponding electrolyte anions being incorporated into the cathode. Carbon is used to make both electrodes. During discharge, the anions and lithium ions return to the electrolyte, which serves as both a charge carrier and the active material in this setup.

In order for electric vehicles to gain widespread acceptance, the automotive sector requires a battery that effectively addresses the factors of performance, cost, reliability, and safety. While current advanced batteries have made significant strides in terms of performance, they have done so at the expense of cost, reliability, and safety. Energterra's innovative battery design aims to strike a harmonious balance, boasting a truly distinctive structure that possesses unprecedented properties. This newly developed battery challenges all preconceived notions regarding the performance, cost, reliability, and safety of traditional batteries.

The CaCell carbon battery boasts an incredibly high energy density, enabling electric vehicles to achieve a range of 520 km and charging 15 times faster than the best Lithium-Ion batteries currently available. This exceptional performance is attributed to its sole active material - carbon, making it remarkably cost-effective due to its reliance on this abundant resource. Moreover, the reliability of the CaCell carbon battery shines through with a lifespan exceeding 2800 charge cycles, ensuring that electric vehicles equipped with this technology maintain their resale value even after years of use.

Safety takes centre stage as well. This innovative battery eliminates highly unstable materials like lithium oxide found in other advanced batteries and remains unaffected by temperature changes during operation, thereby mitigating any risk of thermal runaway commonly associated with alternative advanced batteries. Furthermore, the consistent operating temperature obviates complex cooling systems while allowing for safe full discharge without posing a short circuit hazard—a feature that further extends the EV's range.

The CaCell carbon battery's distinctive feature lies in its exclusive chemistry, utilizing carbon for both the anode and cathode, along with an organic electrolyte. This unique composition enables the CaCell carbon battery to facilitate separate current flow within the battery. The positively charged Lithium Ions migrate towards the anode, while the negatively charged Anions move towards the cathode. Moreover, the CaCell carbon battery is fully recyclable, making it an environmentally friendly choice.

Reactions

→ Represents the charging reaction and ← Represents the discharging reaction.

 

 

Positive electrode:
PF⁻₆ + n C ⇄ C_n (PF₆) + e⁻

Negative electrode:
Li⁺+ n C + e⁻⇄ LiC_n

 

For the past few years, our company has been dedicated to developing a cutting-edge battery with versatile applications, capable of powering a wide range of devices, from flashlights to electric cars. The key ingredient in this revolutionary battery is cotton, which holds significant implications for sustainability due to its renewable and biodegradable nature.

The CaCell carbon battery outwardly resembles a standard lithium-ion battery. However, it features a CaCell carbon composite derived from organic, carbon-based cotton. This unique composition allows the cotton fibres to serve as both anodes and cathodes within the organic electrolyte-conducting liquid, setting it apart from traditional battery technology.

The new CaCell carbon battery offers a multitude of advantages over current market alternatives, particularly the commonly used lithium-ion batteries. Through various tests, it has been demonstrated that the CaCell battery excels in cost-effectiveness, safety, durability, reliability, power duration, and speed of charging. One of the standout features of the CaCell battery is its superior safety profile. Unlike conventional batteries, the CaCell battery maintains a consistent temperature during use, eliminating the need for energy-intensive cooling systems. This not only enhances safety but also contributes to the battery's overall efficiency.

In addition, the CaCell battery boasts rapid charging capabilities, outperforming traditional batteries in this regard. When utilized in electric vehicles, it has the potential to extend the range up to an impressive 520 km. Furthermore, the CaCell battery is fully recyclable, aligning with sustainable practices and reducing environmental impact. This innovative feature sets it apart from other batteries on the market, making it an attractive option for environmentally conscious consumers. Overall, the CaCell carbon battery represents a significant advancement in battery technology, offering a compelling combination of safety, efficiency, and sustainability.

The CaCell carbon battery features both the anode and cathode made of carbon, significantly enhancing the range of electric vehicles to nearly 520 kilometres. This places it among the top high-end batteries available today. With its remarkably high energy density, it can charge up to 15 times faster than current lithium-ion batteries - a feature that will undoubtedly capture the interest of electric vehicle manufacturers striving to keep pace with industry leaders and their supercharging stations. At present, the CaCell battery is designed for 2,800 charge/discharge cycles before experiencing any decline in performance. In comparison, conventional electric cars typically promote 300-500 charge cycles (with Li-ion's lifespan closer to around 1,000 cycles) before owners must consider replacing their batteries. Additionally, the battery exhibits exceptional stability and allows for complete discharge without impacting its longevity.

The new battery undergoes no temperature variation while in operation, which not only enhances its safety for prolonged usage but also eliminates the requirement for intricate, costly, and space-consuming cooling mechanisms. Moreover, since the battery does not short-circuit when completely discharged, it can be utilized for an extended period of time, theoretically prolonging its lifespan even further.

Based on the findings of the research team, the latest technology is projected to enable the 24 kWh battery to be fully charged in just 15 minutes, as opposed to the previous 6 to 7 hours. A rough estimate suggests that the 85-kWh battery in a high-end electric vehicle could potentially be charged in approximately 50 minutes.

The CaCell battery possesses an energy density that is on par with the latest lithium-ion batteries, while its manufacturing costs are significantly lower. This is primarily due to the utilization of carbon, a readily abundant natural resource, as the primary active ingredient. Furthermore, these batteries can seamlessly fit into a standard 18650 cell, which is commonly used in laptops and electric cars. As a result, there is no need for any substantial modifications to the existing manufacturing lines, making this a crucial advantage.

 

 

CaCell batteries utilize carbon for both the anode and cathode, along with an organic electrolyte that contains lithium ions. The use of carbon offers several advantages, primarily in terms of cost since all components are derived from cotton fibres. Additionally, CaCell batteries will be completely recyclable and environmentally friendly when disposed of. Another significant advantage of this battery is that it does not utilize any rare earth elements, unlike the current batteries that require a variety of expensive and difficult-to-obtain materials. As a result, the new high-end batteries will be significantly less expensive.

A couple of years ago, electric cars were known for their unique designs, lacklustre performance, and limited range. Today, more and more people associate them with instant power and high performance. Further improvements in range, charging time, and cost would make electric vehicles an even more attractive option.

The CaCell battery will primarily be promoted as a battery for electric cars; however, it can also be used in other areas such as space satellites and medical devices. If the price difference is indeed calculated by our researchers, this fact alone will guarantee the success of the CaCell battery among consumers. The CaCell carbon battery represents the energy storage innovation necessary to elevate green technology like electric vehicles to new heights.

This advancement represents a significant leap for current battery technology, with benefits not only in performance but also in environmental impact. In today's eco-conscious world, the technologies that have the potential to make a real difference are those that surpass their predecessors both in efficiency and intelligence. In the coming times, our company aims to broaden carbon technology and create batteries using solely organic carbon derived from organically cultivated raw materials. This approach will allow us to precisely regulate the composition of carbon crystals, ultimately improving product performance.

The new CaCell battery offers a range of important advantages:

• High Performance: With a range of up to 520km, it delivers exceptional performance.
• Cost-Effective: Its main component, carbon, makes the CaCell battery highly cost-competitive.
• Reliable: Boasting high stability, the battery is rated for 2800 charging/discharging cycles, ensuring long-term reliability.
• Safety: The CaCell battery experiences zero temperature change during operations, prioritizing safety.
• Sustainability: This battery is 100% recyclable, making it an environmentally friendly choice.

 

After passing through a series of rigorous tests, intense development work, and patenting processes, the company is now gearing up to start the production of 18650 cutting-edge carbon batteries. These batteries are ideal for an array of applications, including powering medical devices and satellites. However, Energterra's main objective is to license this innovative technology to other EV companies, thereby enabling them to use these batteries in their own EVs. This will not only benefit the company but also contribute to the growth of the EV industry and help reduce carbon emissions.